Amorphous motor is a motor that uses amorphous materials as the core, which has the characteristics of high efficiency, environmental protection and energy saving. Amorphous materials have the characteristics of high magnetic permeability and low hysteresis loss, which enables amorphous motors to use magnetic fields more effectively during operation. At present, amorphous motors are the only technical route for all flight equipment in the world.
Amorphous materials are also called "liquid metals". They are a new type of soft magnetic material. This new type of soft magnetic material mainly contains elements such as iron, silicon, and boron. This material has the advantages of low coercivity, high magnetic permeability and high resistivity, which is very suitable for power transmission in the medium and low frequency fields. Amorphous materials are produced by rapid cooling technology to form very thin strips. The iron loss of iron-based amorphous materials is very low, which is 1/3-1/5 of that of oriented silicon steel sheets. If it replaces the core of silicon steel sheets, it can reduce 60-70% of the iron loss. It is widely used in distribution transformers, high-power switching power supplies, pulse transformers, magnetic amplifiers, medium-frequency transformers and inverter cores. The material has excellent magnetic properties, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high strength, hardness and toughness, high resistivity and electromechanical coupling performance.
Unlike traditional silicon steel sheets, amorphous alloy materials are more brittle and easily damaged during processing and transportation. Therefore, amorphous materials are fragile after stamping and difficult to form laminations, and the traditional manufacturing process of silicon steel sheet cores cannot be used. The material cost of amorphous materials themselves and the cost of the production and processing process are both high, as well as the degree of awareness of motor designers and producers of this material, which to some extent limits the development of amorphous motors. At the same time, amorphous motors are prone to problems such as magnetization and thermal runaway under conditions of high temperature, high humidity and strong magnetic fields, which to some extent also limits the scope of use of amorphous alloy motors. However, with the guidance of energy-saving and low-carbon goals, and the continuous development of new energy equipment, such as new energy vehicles and the expansion of low-altitude economic industries, in recent years, more and more motors using amorphous soft magnetic materials have been used, and their excellent energy-saving performance with low iron loss has received widespread attention from the academic community.
